What is route filtering and why to use it?
In the context of network routing, route filtering is the process by which certain routes are not considered for inclusion in the local route database, or not advertised to one’s neighbours. Route filtering is particularly important for use on large networks or on the Internet where it is used for a variety of reasons. To facilitate route filtering a distribute-list is used to control routing updates either coming to or from a router.
In the example below we will configure only 3 routers that will all participate in dynamic routing. However, behind each router eight unique networks will exist. These networks will only be used for the demonstration but are designed in such a way that makes summarization very easy. For example we are using 172.16.0.0-172.16.7.0 that can easily be summarized as 172.16.0.0 255.255.248.0 or /21 or further subnetted into smaller address spaces such as 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0 or /22.
Verify the configuration
Now that the configuration is finished lets verify our neighbors and routes. Using the show ip ospf neighbors and show ip route commands you can verify the remote routes to which your router has formed and adjacency and verify the expected routes are being advertised. Use the ping command to verify connectivity. Per the below routing table on R4 we can view the first four network address spaces behind R1, R2 and R3 have been advertised.
